2011 sportsman 500 HO questions.

Bought a 2011 sportsman 500 HO for my son.I noticed a few things that dont look right to me.I see a small hose about 1/8 diam coming from bottom of carb and has a black diaphram in line.what is it and where should the other end go?
also noticed a heavy guage cable coming off the left side of engine with an eyelet.it goes to a ground bolt on frame which is also the ground for the battery.the eyelet screw is not tight and will not move.it is a #3 robinson.Thank you in advance.